Research/Report

The Effects of Working Conditions on Teacher Retention


Tray Geiger, Margarita Pivovarova,

This peer-reviewed article explores how teachers’ perceptions of their working conditions impact retention decisions, with particular focus on school climate, administrative support, and facility quality. Using statewide teacher survey data from Arizona, the authors show that schools with more positive working conditions—measured by teacher autonomy, respect, and the physical learning environment—experience significantly lower rates of teacher turnover. The study also finds that working conditions are worse in schools with higher shares of low-income and minority students, contributing to equity gaps in teacher stability. This research is valuable for school leaders, district HR departments, and state policymakers looking to improve teacher retention and reduce turnover costs. It highlights the need for investments not only in salaries and recruitment, but also in holistic improvements to workplace conditions.

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