Ventilation in Schools and Childcare Programs

The CDC/NIOSH guide frames effective ventilation as a frontline defense against airborne illnesses in schools and childcare settings, emphasizing that “the fewer virus particles in the air, the better.” It describes practical ways to dilute and remove contaminants, beginning with maximizing outdoor‑air intake through open windows and child‑safe fan arrangements whenever conditions allow. Where mechanical systems are present, facility teams are urged to verify that outside‑air flow meets ASHRAE 62.1, disable demand‑controlled ventilation, keep supply fans running continuously, and schedule two‑hour HVAC “flushes” before and after occupancy. The page explains that higher‑efficiency filters—ideally MERV‑13 or better—should be installed without compromising airflow and replaced on schedule, while portable HEPA air cleaners and, when feasible, germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) devices add another layer of protection in high‑risk rooms. Routine upkeep of restroom and kitchen exhaust systems further improves air exchanges. NIOSH also reminds transportation staff to crack bus windows to disperse exhaled aerosols. Embedded links point users to complementary resources such as EPA Tools for Schools and DOE reopening strategies, giving superintendents, facilities managers, and school nurses immediate access to implementation checklists and funding tips.