Data-Driven Indoor Air Quality in Schools: A Case Study in Assessing IAQ in a Small School District

This case study details a partnership between the American Lung Association, Carrier, and Lakes International Language Academy (LILA) to conduct an indoor air quality (IAQ) assessment. It is designed to help small school districts and facilities staff establish data-driven practices, provide technical assistance, and develop written IAQ management plans.

The assessment methodology included the installation of 137 continuous monitoring sensors to track five parameters: carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM2.5), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), temperature, and relative humidity. The district also utilized the EPA’s Tools for Schools Action Kit for building walkthroughs and teacher surveys. Key findings indicated that while the district maintained air changes per hour (ACH) above CDC recommendations, CO2 levels frequently exceeded ASHRAE recommended levels in the late afternoon, primarily between 2 and 5 pm. This suggested an opportunity for school leaders to adjust HVAC schedules to increase ventilation rates during peak occupancy times.

The study identified specific pollution sources, such as vehicle exhaust from parent drop-off or pick-up idling and the use of certain cleaning supplies. It recommended targeted interventions including anti-idling policies and the use of district-approved cleaning products. For districts facing resource constraints, the resource emphasizes that strategic planning and a multi-faceted data-driven approach can maximize the impact of IAQ management efforts. The resource concludes by guiding users on how to institutionalize existing maintenance and monitoring procedures into a formal IAQ Management Plan.