The Effects of School Facility Quality on Teacher Retention in Urban School Districts

This study investigates how the physical condition of school facilities influences teacher retention in urban districts. Using survey data from K–12 teachers in Washington, D.C., the authors demonstrate that building quality significantly affects teachers’ decisions to stay in their current schools. Controlling for variables such as pay, school leadership, and student demographics, the study finds that facility quality—especially the state of HVAC systems, lighting, and cleanliness—is a strong predictor of turnover. This report helps district leaders, policymakers, and researchers understand that infrastructure plays a critical role in staff morale and retention, particularly in high-need urban environments. The findings support calls for targeted capital investments to create safe, functional, and supportive teaching environments.

Authors: Jack Buckley, Mark Schneider, Yi Shang